Bacterial clones are randomly selected from the cDNA libraries and cultivated in 96-well microplates. Plasmid DNAs are prepared using 96-well prep kits, inserts of the clones are PCR amplified directly using bacterial clones. The plasmid DNA and PCR products are purified using purification kits.

Sequencing is conducted in cooperation with the Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics at University of Guelph, Guelph Molecular Supercentre, Southwest Agricultural University of China and The Hospital for Sick Children in Toronto. The inserts are sequenced in single-pass reads from 5’ or 3’ ends.

Vector sequences are trimmed from raw sequences. Individual nucleotides of sequences are examined automatically and manually. Contamination clones including mitochondria DNA, putative viral and bacterial DNA are eliminated from the data sets. All of these guarantee high-quality sequences.